Skills in Demand Visa

For skilled workers and the employers who sponsor them, the Skills in Demand visa (subclass 482) replaced the Temporary Skill Shortage (TSS) visa on 7 December 2024. The framework introduced three streams with different occupation lists, salary thresholds and eligibility criteria. Which stream applies depends on the occupation, the nominated salary and in some cases the specific terms of the employer's sponsorship approval.

The visa is a temporary employer-sponsored pathway. For most holders, it also represents the starting point for a longer route toward permanent residency. The decisions made at the nomination and application stage — including the stream selected and the salary arrangements documented — can affect that longer pathway in ways that are not always immediately apparent.

Heenan & Browne Visa and Migration Services are registered migration agents advising both employers and skilled workers on Skills in Demand visa nominations and applications. Advice is available across all three streams and across the full pathway from temporary sponsorship to permanent residency.

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The Three Streams of the Skills in Demand Visa

The Skills in Demand visa operates across three streams. Each has distinct occupation and salary requirements and not all occupations are available in all streams.

Core Skills Stream

CSOL Occupations

The Core Skills Stream is available for occupations listed on the Core Skills Occupation List (CSOL). Nominated salaries must meet or exceed the Core Skills Income Threshold (CSIT), which is indexed annually from July.

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Specialist Skills Stream

Specialist Expertise

The Specialist Skills Stream is available for highly specialised occupations. It is not subject to the CSIT and has no prescribed occupation list.

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Labour Agreement Stream

Government Labour Agreements

The Labour Agreement Stream is available to employers who have entered into a formal labour agreement with the Australian Government.

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Skills in Demand Visa Processing Times

Processing times for the Skills in Demand visa vary by stream and depend on the complexity of the application, the completeness of documentation at lodgement and current Department of Home Affairs processing volumes. The figures below reflect indicative processing times published by the Department and should be verified against current data at the time of lodgement.

Application OutcomeCore Skills StreamSpecialist Skills StreamLabour Market Stream
75% of Applications3 Months3 Months6 Months
90% of Applications8 Months7 Months7 Months
Source: Department of Home Affairs. Processing times are indicative only and subject to change. Verify current times at immi.homeaffairs.gov.au before lodgement.
Applications that are incomplete at lodgement, or where the Department requests further information, will take longer.Nomination and visa applications are assessed separately, and the overall processing timeframe includes both stages. The nomination application must be approved before the visa application can be finalised.

Skills in Demand Visa Application Fees

The base application charge for the Skills in Demand visa is payable by the applicant at the time of lodgement. Fees are set by the Department of Home Affairs and are subject to change. The figures below are indicative and should be verified against current Department fee schedules before lodgement.

Visa SubclassSkills in Demand visa (subclass 482) - Core Skills stream
Base Application ChargeAUD4,015.00
Additional Applicant Charge 18 And OverAUD4,015.00
Additional Applicant Charge Under 18AUD1,005.00
Source: Department of Home Affairs. Fees are subject to annual indexation. Verify current charges at immi.homeaffairs.gov.au before lodgement.
Application fees are separate from the Skilling Australians Fund (SAF) levy, which is payable by the sponsoring employer at the time of nomination. The two charges are distinct and both are generally non-refundable if the application does not proceed.

Pathway to Permanent Residency

For most Skills in Demand visa holders, the pathway to permanent residency runs through the subclass 186 Employer Nomination Scheme (ENS) visa via the Temporary Residence Transition (TRT) stream. This requires the applicant to have held a subclass 482 visa and to have worked for their nominating employer for a qualifying period in their nominated occupation.

From 29 November 2025, only work performed under an approved sponsor counts toward the TRT work experience requirement. This is a significant change for applicants who have worked for multiple employers during their time on a subclass 482 visa.

Workers sponsored through a regional employer may also have access to the Skilled Employer Sponsored Regional visa (subclass 494) and the subsequent subclass 191 Permanent Residence (Skilled Regional) visa.

Key Considerations

  • Subclass 482 Visa
  • Qualifying Employment Period
  • Subclass 186 ENS (TRT)
  • Regional Pathways (494 → 191)
  • Permanent Residency

Refusals and Review Rights

Skills in Demand visa applications, sponsorship and nomination decisions, may each carry separate review rights. Where a refusal is reviewable, an application for merits review can be made to the Administrative Review Tribunal (ART).

Where a visa is cancelled rather than refused, separate provisions apply. Advice about visa cancellations and visa refusals is available from Heenan & Browne Visa and Migration Services

Important Review Deadline

The time limit for lodging a review application is specified in the refusal notice. Missing the deadline removes the right to review with no exceptions.

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Frequently Asked Questions

The Skills in Demand visa (subclass 482) replaced the Temporary Skill Shortage (TSS) visa on 7 December 2024. The TSS visa is closed to new applicants. Existing TSS visa holders retain their visa conditions but new nominations and applications are lodged under the Skills in Demand framework. The subclass number remains 482.
The Core Skills Income Threshold is the minimum annual earnings required for Core Skills Stream nominations. It is indexed annually from July each year. Applicants and employers whose salary arrangements sit close to the threshold should account for this indexation when planning longer-term sponsorship arrangements, as a salary that meets the threshold today may not satisfy the requirement following the next indexation.
The Skills in Demand visa is generally granted for up to four years, depending on the stream and the terms of the nomination. The Specialist Skills Stream may allow a longer initial period in certain circumstances. Visa length affects both the SAF levy payable by the employer and the timeframe available to the applicant to progress toward permanent residency.
Yes. The most common pathway to permanent residency for Skills in Demand visa holders is the subclass 186 Employer Nomination Scheme (ENS) visa, via the Temporary Residence Transition (TRT) stream. Eligibility for the TRT stream requires the applicant to have held a subclass 482 visa and worked for their sponsoring employer for a qualifying period. From 29 November 2025, only work performed under an approved sponsor counts toward this requirement. Individual circumstances should be assessed carefully before relying on this pathway.
The SAF levy is a training contribution paid by sponsoring employers at the time of nomination lodgement. It is not refundable if the visa application is refused or withdrawn. The amount depends on the employer's annual turnover and the length of the nomination period. Employers should factor the full levy cost into their assessment of the sponsorship, as it is payable upfront and in full.
A refusal of a Skills in Demand visa application may be reviewable by the Administrative Review Tribunal (ART), depending on the grounds of refusal and the stage at which it occurs. The time limit for lodging a review application is set out in the refusal notice. Missing that deadline removes the right to review. Sponsor and nomination decisions may have separate review rights from the visa decision itself.
Skills in Demand visa holders may be able to change employers during their visa period without needing a new visa, subject to conditions. However, a new nomination from the new employer is generally required and the occupation and salary arrangements must continue to meet the relevant stream requirements. Changing employers without the correct process in place can create compliance issues for both the visa holder and the sponsor.

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